Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the protective effect of Yihechun oral solution on the deficiency of kidney-YANG rats and to investigate its initial mechanism. METHODS Prepare deficiency of kidney-YANG rats model with intra-gastric adenine. Experimental groups were divided into normal control group, model group, positive drug treatment group and Yihechun treatment group. Observed the effect of Yihechun on the rats’ weight, renal index, renal function and kidney morphosis, and investigated its protection mechanism on the apoptosis and antioxygen. HE staining of renal morphological changes, biochemical serum GSH-PX, BUN, and Cr, end-labeling method for the determination of apoptosis in renal tissue. RESULTS Yihechun can improve weight loss in rats caused by deficiency to increased kidney index, lower serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, to improve the performance of renal morphology and reduce apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, raise serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity. CONCLUSION Yihechun oral solution has significantly protective effects on the renal function in deficiency of kidney-YANG rats. Its mechanism may be associated with increased resistance to apoptosis and the antioxidant capacity .