Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of growing places and years to the content of astilbin in Smilacis glabrae Rhizoma. To know the source of Smilacis glabrae Rhizoma in markets recently and research the distribution of astilbin in Smilacis glabrae Rhizoma. METHODS Field survey and collect sample, determine the content of astilbin by HPLC. RESULTS The main goods of Smilacis glabrae Rhizoma in market now were most produced in the southern provinces of China, others were from Viet Nam. About 70% native Smilacis glabrae Rhizoma were failing to conform the limit of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 Edition, but all the specimen produced in Viet Nam were qualified. CONCLUSION The quantity of astilbin among the different places have great distance, but the growth years have less influence. Whether the Smilacis glabrae Rhizoma produced in Viet Nam can be used as a medicine still needs further research.