Abstract: OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of vitamins in preventing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(PNP) in cancer patients. METHODS Studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Libraries, CNKI, WanFang and WeiPu Database from the date of establishment until August 2015. Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy of vitamins in preventing chemotherapy-induced PNP in cancer patients were included. Statistical analysis was performed with RevMan5.3. RESULTS Fourteen RCTs involving 889 patients were included. The results of meta-analyses were as follows: ①There were statistically significant differences between vitamin E group and control group in all incidence of PNP RR=0.34, 95%CI(0.18, 0.66), P=0.001, incidence of severe PNP RR=0.25, 95%CI(0.08, 0.77), P=0.02 and PNP score SMD=-0.79, 95%CI(-1.20, -0.37), P=0.000 2 by cisplatin; There were statistically significant differences between vitamin E group and control group in all incidence of PNP RR=0. 30, 95%CI(0.10, 0.89), P=0.03 and PNP score SMD=-0.95, 95%CI(-1.69, -0.21), P=0.01 by paclitaxel, while no statistically significant differences in incidence of severe PNP; There were no statistically significant differences between vitamin E group and control group in all incidence of PNP and incidence of severe PNP by oxaliplatin. ②There were statistically significant differences between mecobalamine group and control group in all incidence of PNP RR=0.44, 95%CI(0.36, 0.55), P<0.000 01, incidence of severe PNP RR=0.28, 95%CI(0.18, 0.43), P<0.000 01 and PNP score SMD=-0.64, 95%CI(-1.00, -0.27), P=0.000 7. All studies included found no adverse reactions induced by vitamin E or mecobalamine. CONCLUSION In order to prevent PNP by cisplatin, vitamin E should be chosen. In order to prevent PNP by oxaliplatin or vincristine, mecobalamine should be chosen. Mecobalamine should be the better choice than vitamin E in preventing PNP by paclitaxel.