Abstract: OBJECTIVE To improve the identification method of Eriocaulon buergerianum collected in Ch.P 2010. METHODS To observe the surface morphology of Eriocaulon buergerianum by the entity microscope and to observe the microscopic characteristics of the transverse and the powder by transmission electron microscope. RESULTS The male flower and female flower of Eriocaulon buergerianum had significant appearance characteristics. The cross section of the flower and stem had special gas chamber microscopic characteristics. CONCLUSION The method is able to accurate identify Eriocaulon buergerianum.