Abstract: OBJECTIVE To prepare temperature sensitive in situ gel of rifampicin liposomes, and study its in vitro properties. METHODS Rifampicin liposomes were prepared by film dispersion method, further, its characteristics were investigated; poloxamer 188 and poloxamer 407 were used as gel base material to prepare temperature sensitive in situ gel of rifampicin liposome. A membraneless dissolution model was used to determine gel erosion of rifampicin in situ gel system. RESULTS The zeta potential, dispersion index, the mean particle size, entrapment efficiency, drug loading of liposomes was (149.0±5.67)nm, 0.275±0.056, -(29.8±1.59)mv, (79.6±2.67)%, (18.6±0.25)%, respectively. Gel temperature of rifampicin liposomes in situ gel system was (34.3±0.6)℃. The in vitro gel erosion behavior and release behavior of the rifampicin liposomes in situ gel system exhibited the characteristics of zero order kinetics. CONCLUSION It is easy to prepare rifampicin liposomes in situ gel system with suitable formulation. The release of the rifampicin liposomes in situ gel system shows good sustained release effect in vitro.