Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the antitussive and expectorant effects of water and 70%, 95% ethanol extracts of Cordyceps militaris(L.) Link.. METHODS The incubative period and the times of cough in 3 min of mice were observed after sprayed by ammonia. The incubative period and the times of cough in 5 min of guinea pigs were observed after sprayed by citric acid. A phenol red excretion test was used to investigate the expectorant effect of the different extracts of Cordyceps militaris(L.) Link. in mice. RESULTS Compared with control group, the high and low doses of water and 70% ethanol extracts significantly prolonged the incubative period and the excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein, and reduced the times of cough. The low dose of water extract increased the incubative period and reduced the times of cough, but had no significant effect on the excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein. The low dose of 70% ethanol extracts had no significant effect on the above indexes. The middle and low doses of 95% ethanol extracts had no significant effects on the incubative period and the times of cough, but significantly increased the excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein. CONCLUSION Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. has significant antitussive and expectorant efficacy, and the efficacy of the water-soluble components is stronger than the alcohol-soluble components.