Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the selected drug use indicators (SDUI) and drug utilization indicators (DUI) in pediatrics of our hospital and provide a reference for promoting the rational use of medicines for children. METHODS The rational drug use of pediatric outpatient prescriptions were surveyed on SDUI, and the focus drugs in pediatric inpatient were analysed based on drug utilization index. RESULTS The average number of pediatric outpatient prescription drug varieties was 2.49, per capita cost was 73.13 yuan. The respective usage of antibacterials, injecting drug and essential drugs was 19.74%, 16.08% and 15.15%. The average time of the treatment was 6.06 minutes, and average contact time was 0.63 minutes. Actual drug deployment rate was 97%. The drug bag labeled and generic name usage rates reached 100%. Antibiotics usage was 61.5% inpatient and the costs accounted for 14.41% of total drug costs in the same period. The highest frequency of use was ceftriaxone. The CDUI of vancomycin and fluconazole were over 1. The cost of immunomodulators and TCM injections accounted for 12.19%, 0.75%, and the DUI of them were less than 1. CONCLUSION Pediatric outpatient prescriptions are basically reasonable, but utilization of essential drugs was low. Patient care indicators can be further improved. Usage of antimicrobials in inpatient is high, and the usage of vancomycin and fluconazole injection is less reasonable. Some drugs are still lack of data and standards for the evaluation of the rationality of pediatric medication.