Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of trans-resveratrol on learning and memory abilities in Alzheimer's disease(AD) mice induced by Aβ_25-35. METHODS The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham operation group, model group and different doses groups of trans-resveratrol (10, 20, 40 mg·kg^-1). After injected with Aβ_25-35 into hippocampal CA1, the mice were administrated with trans-resveratrol for 10 d. The morris water maze was used to affirm the effect of trans-resveratrol on the learning and memory abilities of AD mice. The immunohistochemical staining was used to observe neuronal plasticity changes in hippocampal CA1 region. The expression of neural plasticity-related proteins was measured by western-blot. RESULTS The 40 mg·kg^-1 trans-resveratrol significantly decreased the escape latency in hidden platform test and increased the time spent in the platform quadrant and the number of platform location crossings. The 20, 40 mg·kg^-1 trans-resveratrol increased apical neurons dendritic length and apical dendritic points in hippocampal CA1 region. The 40 mg·kg^-1 trans-resveratrol increased the expression of neural plasticity-related proteins (BDNF, pCREB and c-fos protein) in hippocampal CA1 region of AD mice. CONCLUSION Trans-resveratrol reverses Aβ-induced learning and memory damage in mice, and the mechanism may relate to neural plasticity in hippocampal region.