Abstract: OBJECTIVE To systematically review the effectiveness of health education in patients with peptic ulcer. METHODS Databases included pubmed, embase, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP were electronically searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on health education in patients with peptic ulcer from inception to June 2014. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. Then, Meta-analysis were performed using RevMan 5.2 software. RESULTS A total of 24 RCTs involving 2 429 peptic ulcer patients were finally included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the health education group were superior to the control group in clinical effectiveness, health knowledge, compliance, medical satisfaction and in decreasing recurrence, complication with a significant difference. But no significant difference was found between the two groups in Helicobacter pylori eradication. CONCLUSION Health education can enhance health knowledge, compliance, effectiveness, medical satisfaction and decrease recurrence, complication of Chinese peptic ucler patients significantly.