Abstract: OBJECTIVE To evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety of nitroglycerin in the adjunctive treatment of massive hemoptysis. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed, CNKI, VIP, CBM and Wangfang database, randomized controlled trials(RCT) about pituitrin combined with nitroglycerin compared with pituitrin alone in the treatment of massive hemoptysis were included. Rev Man 5.2 software was used for Meta analysis. RESULTS Twenty RCTs were included, invovling 1 770 patients. Meta-analysis showed that compared with pituitrin alone, pituitrin combined with nitroglycerin could significantly improve clinical efficiency RR=0.81, 95%CI(0.77, 0.84), P<0.0, and nitroglycerin could significantly reduce adverse drug reactions induced by pituitrinRR=3.08, 95%CI(2.59,3.68), P<0.01, especially in the cardiovascular system, central nervous system and digestive system etc. CONCLUSION The available evidence indicates that nitroglycerin can be applied in the adjunctive treatment of massive hemoptysis with little side effect and good patient tolerance.