Abstract: Schisandra, the dried ripe fruit of Schisandra chinesis (Turcz.) Baill, is a topic traditional Chinese medicine, often called "Schisandra chinesis". Its single active ingredient of schizandrin (Schisandrin B) has a variety of pharmacological effects, such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation and so on. The schizandrin is widely applied in liver protection and treatment, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, a variety of neurodegenerative diseases in clinical. Our paper make a systematic review of recent related research at home and abroad which study the pharmacological effects, safety and bioavailability of the schizandrin.