Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Insulin aspart 30 alone or combined with metformin or acarbose on the glucose variability and the reach of standard conditions in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The patients diagnosed type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into three groups: the Insulin aspart 30 group, the metformin group and the acarbose group, which received the treatment of Insulin aspart 30, Insulin Aspart 30+metformin and Insulin Aspart 30+acarbose respectively. The blood glucose homeostasis were maintained before meals and at bedtime, and then the blood glucose fluctuation index, the standard time, the hypoglycemic events, the insulin dosage, as well as the expenses were observed. RESULTS The comparison of the blood glucose at each time point after treatment: the blood glucose after dinner, the blood glucose at 2:00 were higher in the Insulin Aspart 30 group than those in the metformin group and the acarbose group, while there was no statistically significant difference in blood glucose at other time points. The fluctuation of the blood glucose: the standard deviation (SD) of the 8 points blood glucose after treatment, the largest blood glucose fluctuation(LAGE) were smaller in the metformin group and the acarbose group than that in the Insulin Aspart 30 group. As to the postprandial blood glucose fluctuation(PPGE), the acarbose group was less than the Insulin Aspart 30 group. The standard time, safety, convenience and economic index: the time from the beginning of treatment to the standard time was longer in the Insulin Aspart 30 group than that in the metformin group and the acarbose group; As to the incidence of hypoglycemia, there was no significant difference among the three groups; when it comes to the ratio of twice a day insulin usage, the metformin group accounts for the largest proportion, while the Insulin Aspart 30 group accounts for the least; As to the daily insulin dosage after reaching the standard, the Insulin Aspart 30 group, the acarbose group were higher than the metformin group(P<0.05); Compared with the metformin group and the Insulin Aspart 30 group, the acarbose group cost the most. CONCLUSION Single use of Insulin Aspart 30 results in a greater blood glucose fluctuation, a longer time from the beginning of treatment to the standard time. Insulin Aspart 30 combined with metformin or acarbose can reduce the blood glucose fluctuations as well as the insulin injection times. Insulin Aspart 30 combined with metformin may reduce the daily insulin dosage.