Abstract: Dexmedetomidine, a new kind of high selective α₂ adrenergic receptor agonist, is widely used in calm in severe medicine department, also widely used in perioperative calm and analgesic, and shows obvious advantages in analgesic, inflammatory inhibition, immune regulation and organ protection. This paper summarized the effects in the organ protection aspects for dexmedetomidine according to the literature in recent years.