Abstract: ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis and treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. METHODS Combinating literatures, the clinical characteristics of one patient with Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by intramuscular injection of phenobarbital sodium were reported. RESULTS A patient with high sensitivity maybe induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome by intramuscular injection of phenobarbital sodium, the patient was saved by knowing the clinical features, confirming the diagnosis and taking effective measures in time. CONCLUSION Stevens-Johnson syndrome which maybe induced by numerous drugs is rare, the changes of patient should be paid closely attention when using associated drugs which could induce Stevens-Johnson syndrome, fatality rate can be reduced by early diagnosis and effective measures.