Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the application and feasibility of the PDCA cycle theory in the continuous improvement of prescriptions quality and to promote clinical rational use of drugs. METHODS The irrational prescriptions were collected, analyzed and evaluated with Epidata software. Irrational prescriptions were intervened based on the PDCA cycle theory and the results were observed. RESULTS After the application of PDCA, the number and the proportion of the irrational prescriptions in our hospital dropped down significantly(P<0.01). ① Dispensing Pharmacists group: The proportion of irrational prescriptions dropped by 31.01%, from 0.44% to 0.31%(P<0.01). Among them, the proportion of nonstandard prescriptions dropped by 32.98%, from 0.23% to 0.16%(P<0.01), the proportion of unsuitable drug use prescriptions dropped by 31.75%, from 0.17% to 0.12%(P<0.01), the proportion of paranormal prescriptions dropped by 17.42%, from 0.04% to 0.03%(P<0.05).②Clinical Pharmacists group: The proportion of irrational prescriptions dropped by 36.38%, from 4.96% to 3.16%(P<0.01).Among them, the proportion of nonstandard prescriptions dropped by 38.23%%, from 2.63% to 1.61%(P<0.01), the proportion of unsuitable drug use prescriptions dropped by 37.66%, from 1.94% to 1.19%(P<0.01), the proportion of paranormal prescriptions dropped by 23.40%, from 2.63% to 1.61%(P<0.01). The number and proportion of incomplete clinical diagnosises, prescriptions with discordant units and dosage decreased significantly (P<0.01). The use of traditional Chinese medicine injection and antibacterial drugs tended to be rational. The expected objective of continuous improvement of the quality of the prescriptions is achieved. CONCLUSION The application of PDCA cycle obviously improved the hospital prescription quality. It can be widely used in hospital prescription quality management.