Abstract: OBJECTIVE To study lipopolysaccharides(LPS) induced mesangial cell proliferation and secretion of extracellular matrix, and the protective effect of probucol(PRB). METHODS After synchronization, cells were divided into: control group; LPS group(LPS: 10 μg·mL^-1); PRB+LPS treatment group(PRB: 10, 20, 50 μmol·L^-1). Continued to train 24, 48, 72 h. The proliferation of mesangial cells were detected by MTT. College-Ⅳ(COL-Ⅳ), connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) mRNA expression were detected by RT-PCR. COL-Ⅳ, CTGF protein expression were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS After treatment 24, 48, 72 h, cell proliferation of LPS group compared with control group increased significantly(P<0.05); compared with LPS group, PRB+LPS groups cell proliferation were significantly inhibited(P<0.05), and were time-dose- dependent effect(r=0.932, P<0.05). After cultivated 48 h, COL-Ⅳ, CTGF secretion of LPS group increased significantly(P<0.05); pretreatment with different doses of PRB, COL-Ⅳ, CTGF mRNA and protein levels compared with LPS group were lower(P<0.05). CONCLUSION LPS can increase mesangial cell proliferation and the release of cytokines, to promote the synthesis of extracellular matrix, involved in the occurrence of renal toxicity lipid. PRB may be attributed to the expression of these cell growth factors and play a role in kidney protection.