OBJECTIVE To analyze the issues involved in online drug sales from the perspective of Drug Quality Sampling and Testing based on the ESG(environmental, social, governance) risk management framework, and to provide a reference for further optimizing online drug supervision strategies.

METHODS Based on the National Drug Quality Sampling and Testing Information System, this study analyzed the data of online inspections of the National Drug Quality Sampling and Testing program from 2022 to 2023, and sorted out the related issues encountered in the process management. Meanwhile, a literature analysis method was used to summarize the framework of the online drug sampling system and the current status of online sales. By integrating the sorting and summary results, a risk analysis was conducted according to the ESG risk management framework, and regulatory recommendations and strategies were formulated.

RESULTS The comprehensive analysis revealed that the online drug sales supply chain was plagued by several issues: the regulatory framework required further refinement, the level of logistics technology needed to be elevated, the risk management of pharmacy services was insufficiently standardized, there were blind spots in the traceability mechanism, and the platform’s supervisory and managerial responsibilities needed to be strengthened.

CONCLUSION The drug quality sampling and testing program can uncover potential risks at various stages of the online drug sales supply chain. It is therefore recommended that legal and regulatory frameworks be further refined, the scope of sampling and testing and the coverage of drug varieties be expanded, efforts be intensified to supervise and guide the improvement of drug traceability mechanisms, a risk management framework tailored to the characteristics of online pharmaceutical services be established, and a large-scale, standardized, and professional supply chain logistics service system be developed.