OBJECTIVE To investigate the occurrence pattern and characteristics of drug-induced enterocolitis syndrome(DIES), and to provide reference for safe clinical medication.

METHODS Case reports of DIES published in PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP journal databases from their inception to December 2024 were retrieved. Patient demographics, drug information, clinical manifestations, and treatment processes were extracted and analyzed.

RESULTS A total of 11 articles involving 13 patients were included. All patients were from European and American populations, with a male to female ratio of 7∶6. Among them, minors account for 76.92%(10/13). The implicated drugs were amoxicillin(5 cases), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid(5 cases), acetaminophen(2 cases), and pantoprazole(1 case). The latency period for DIES after drug provocation test ranged from 1 to 4 hours. The clinical symptoms of DIES mainly included persistent vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and drowsiness, which might cause dehydration, decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, and decreased blood oxygen saturation. The patient had a good prognosis, and timely treatment with fluid replacement, ondansetron, corticosteroids, and antihistamines, symptoms resolved within hours to days.

CONCLUSION DIES is a rare delayed allergic reaction caused by medication. Understanding its characteristics and clinical manifestations is crucial for evaluating patients with acute gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinicians should be alert to the occurrence of this reaction during the use of related drugs. Timely drug discontinuation or treatment adjustment should be considered when necessary to ensure medication safety.