Abstract: Ganoderma is defined as the dried fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum(Leyss. ex Fr.) Karst. or Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang, which belongs to the fungal family polyporaceae. The main chemical components include triterpenoids, polysaccharides, nucleosides, sterols, alkaloids, amino acids and polypeptides, proteins, vitamins, trace elements, etc. Based on summarizing the chemical components and pharmacological effects of Ganoderma in regulating immune function, and in accordance with the principles of quality markers, including transfer and traceability, component specificity, component effectiveness, component measurability, and compound compatibility environment. The major components of Ganoderma include triterpenoids, polysaccharides, proteins and sterols as quality markers for regulating the immune function of Ganoderma. For A single component, ergosterol, ganoderic acid A, B, C2, D, F, G and Ganoderic acid B, C can be selected as alternative substances to provide a certain reference basis for its quality control.