Abstract: Chronic non-communicable diseases(hereinafter referred to as chronic diseases) have become a major public health problem that threatens national health and national economic development, and traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. The integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of chronic diseases and the promotion of modernization research in traditional Chinese medicine are important trends in chronic disease management at present. In this issue, we launch a column entitled "Research on the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine", which discusses in depth from two parts: "Experimental and Clinical Research on the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine" and "Frontier Progress in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine", aiming to provide new ideas for the further exploration of the management of chronic diseases with traditional Chinese medicine, promote the high-quality development of the field of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases with traditional Chinese medicine, and open up new ways for the long-term management and health of patients with chronic diseases.