Abstract: Arthritis is a prevalent inflammatory disease characterized by joint pain, swelling, and restricted mobility. In China, joint disorders rank as the leading cause of disability, surpassing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with profound socioeconomic consequences due to reduced workforce productivity and diminished quality of life. Emerging evidence highlights the central role of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated signaling pathways in driving arthritis progression. Mechanistically, inflammasome activation triggers Caspase-1 proteolytic activation, leading to gasdermin D-mediated membrane pore formation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and IL-18, thereby inducing pyroptosis, a lytic inflammatory cell death process. An increasing body of research underscores the significant role of pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of arthritis. Therefore, this article aims to review recent studies on pyroptosis in the context of arthritis to synthesize current research advancements.