Abstract: Interstitial lung disease(ILD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by interstitial inflammation and fibrosis of the lungs. Patients often exhibit progressively worsening post activity dyspnea, decreased lung function, hypoxemia, and other symptoms. At present, the main focus of treatment for this disease is to delay disease progression, improve patients' quality of life, and prolong survival. There are currently few available drugs for the treatment of this disease, and there are varying degrees of adverse reactions, but the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of ILD has the advantages of synergistic efficacy, reduce adverse reactions, and has received increasing attention and recognition from the industry. Therefore, this article will focus on the research of traditional Chinese and western medicine in ILD and the understanding of traditional Chinese medicine in team prevention and treatment of this disease.