Abstract: Vigabatrin is a first-line treatment for infantile spasms that was launched in China in January 2022. It mainly exerts its antiepileptic seizure effects by irreversibly binding to γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase, thereby reducing the degradation of γ-aminobutyric acid. However, vigabatrin is associated with specific adverse reactions, particularly irreversible visual field defects, which pose challenges for its clinical application. Author provides a timely summary of research conducted both domestically and internationally, specifically discussing the mechanism of action, administration regimens, effectiveness, safety, pharmacokinetics, and factors affecting exposure levels of vigabatrin. The aim is to offer reference for the rational use of vigabatrin in pediatric patients with infantile spasms.