Abstract: The 4 kinds of processed decoction pieces commonly used in the clinical practice of Angelica sinensis were raw A. Sinensis, wine-processed A. Sinensis, soil-stir-baked A. sinensis and A. Sinensis carbonisata. There are certain differences in the medicinal properties, efficacy and main pharmacodynamic components of different decoction pieces of A. sinensis. New research is mostly based on the binary change mode of “ingredient-efficacy”, revealing the differences in the main pharmacodynamics of different processed decoction pieces of A. sinensis and the change rule of the material basis of pharmacodynamics, but there are few explorations of processing properties or processing modifications. This paper analyzes the quality attributes of different decoction pieces of A. sinensis from drug properties, efficacy, and material basis of curative effect, and the depth discussion of transmission change rule “medicinal properties-efficacy-quality markers” is completed, so as to provide evidence support for the processing theory of A. sinensis.