Abstract: Cancer is one of the most significant public health challenges globally. Traditional treatment methods, such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy have certain limitations. Oncolytic virus(OV) therapy, as a new form of immunotherapy, has rapidly developed in the past decade, showcasing its significant anti-tumor potential. Oncolytic adenovirus(OAd) could be developed into a type of tumor-killing virus through replication modification, targeted modification, and the insertion of foreign genes. At present, OAd drugs have been widely used in clinical practice. This paper will summarize the existing modification strategies, approved drugs, and combined treatment strategies of OAd, and explore a new development model for OAd treatment in cancer.