Abstract: Vaccination is the most cost-effective preventive measure to prevent and control related infectious diseases. China's national immunization program has been implemented for more than 40 years, and some remarkable results have been achieved. However, there is still a certain gap between China's national immunization plan and the immunization plan recommended by World Health Organization and the immunization plans of some developed and developing countries in the world. This paper introduces the current situation of vaccines in China's national immunization program, and according to the current characteristics of planned immunization vaccines in China, gives suggestions on vaccine optimization strategies in China's national immunization program, and prospects the future development direction.