Abstract: Kidney is the main excretory organ of drugs and their metabolites. Its rich blood flow and high metabolic activity lead to a large number of drugs and their metabolites arriving in the kidney along with the blood and causing drug-induced kidney injury. Chemotherapy drugs, antibacterial drugs, immunosuppressive drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contrast agents can cause drug-induced kidney injury. The mechanisms of drug-induced kidney injury include oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, dysautophagy, imbalance of gut microbiota, etc. More and more studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine monomers can improve drug-induced kidney injury by regulating the above mechanisms. This paper summarized and analyzed traditional Chinese medicine monomers and its action mechanisms for improving drug-induced kidney injury, providing ideas for further research on the treatment of drug-induced kidney injury with traditional Chinese medicine, and providing references for research and development of clinical drugs with renal protection.