Abstract: Malignant tumors are one of the main causes of serious threats to human health. With the development of various anti-tumor drugs, natural compounds have shown strong effects on different types of malignant tumors. Omics is a discipline that studies the molecular components and their interactions and interaction networks in living organisms. It mainly includes proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, genomics, immunology, imaging omics, etc. It is widely used in the study of the mechanisms of natural compounds in treating tumors. Monoomics and multiomics techniques can help reveal the signal interaction networks and key molecular targets of natural compounds with anti-tumor potential. Therefore, the application of various omics methods in detecting therapeutic targets, signaling pathways, and tumor microenvironment of anti-tumor natural compounds in recent years has been summarized and summarized, providing new basis and ideas for omics technology to explore the anti-tumor research of natural compounds.