Abstract: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) possess the ability to self-renew and differentiate in multiple directions, making them a valuable resource in bone tissue engineering. Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) and microRNA(miRNA) are examples of non coding RNAs that exert regulatory control over gene expression at the post transcriptional level, thereby playing a significant role in the process of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. LncRNA lacks protein translation function but actively contributes to bone proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response. Additionally, miRNA, a small non-coding RNA, plays a crucial role in regulating bone formation through osteoblasts and bone remodeling via osteoclasts. LncRNA, functioning as competitive endogenous RNA, has the ability to competitively interact with miRNA, consequently modulating the expression of miRNA target genes, thereby exerting an influence on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSC. This review primarily presents the molecular mechanism through which lncRNA modulates the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by targeting various miRNAs. The objective is to elucidate the underlying pathogenesis of chronic bone diseases and offer valuable clinical insights for the development of therapeutic interventions.