短柄乌头中二萜生物碱类成分及心脏毒性研究

陶培; 刘丛改; 红花; 拉巴次仁; 陈佳佳; 郑清洋; 泽翁拥忠; 王毓杰

doi:10.13748/j.cnki.issn1007-7693.20232656

短柄乌头中二萜生物碱类成分及心脏毒性研究

Study on Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum Brachypodum and Their Cardiotoxicity

摘要

摘要:
目的研究短柄乌头块根中二萜生物碱的结构及心脏毒性。
方法采用硅胶柱色谱及波谱法分离鉴定化合物的结构；采用大鼠模型比较不同化合物的心脏毒性。
结果从短柄乌头中分离得到12个二萜生物碱，分别鉴定为secokaraconitine(1)、oxonitine(2)、查斯曼宁(3)、草乌甲素(4)、尼奥林(5)、去氧乌头碱(6)、乌头碱(7)、印乌碱(8)、滇乌碱(9)、塔拉萨敏(10)、苯甲酰乌头原碱(11)、乌头原碱(12)。通过整体动物心脏毒性试验证实：1-OH、3-OH、8-COCH₃、14-苯甲酰基能够增强乌头烷类化合物的心脏毒性，6-OCH₃、N-CHO、N=C能够降低该类化合物的心脏毒性。
结论通过整体动物试验明确了不同取代基对乌头烷类化合物心脏毒性的影响。

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To study the sturcture and cardiotoxicity of diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum brachypodum.
METHODS Silica gel column chromatography and spectroscopy was used to separate and identify the structures of compounds. The cardiotoxicity of different compounds were compared using a rat model.
RESULTS Twelve diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated and identified as secokaraconitine(1), oxonitine(2), chasmanine(3), crassicauline A(4), neoline(5), deoxyaconitine(6), aconitine(7), indaconitine(8), yunaconitine(9), talatisamine(10), benzoylaconine(11), and aconine(12). Through cardiotoxicity assay, it had been confirmed that 1-OH, 3-OH, 8-COCH₃, and 14-benzoyl group could increase cardiotoxicity of aconitane compounds, while 6-OCH₃, N-CHO and N=C could reduce it.
CONCLUSION The effects of different substituents on the cardiotoxicity of aconitane compounds are clarified through overall animal experiments.

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