Abstract: As a serious threat to human health, depression has many characteristics, such as high incidence, hidden, easy to relapse and difficult to cure. The underlying biological mechanism is unknown, but abnormalities in molecular and signaling pathways can lead to depression. Molecular signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved multifaceted pathway that can control different cellular processes. Therefore, an in-depth study of the biological mechanism of depression provides potential targets for its prevention and treatment, which has significant clinical significance in the development of anti-depression drugs. The hippocampus is a key brain region in regulating emotion and cognitive function. Neurogenetic disorders of the hippocampus in adults are thought to be closely related to the occurrence of depression. Neurodevelopmental signaling pathways such as Wnt, Shh, Notch, BMP, and Noggin play an important role in regulating the microenvironment of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. By reviewing relevant literature, this paper reviewed the research progress of the correlation between the above pathways and adult hippocamphal neurogenesis disorders in depression, providing new ideas for the discovery of anti-depression targets and drug development.