Abstract: OBJECTIVE To optimize the ultrasonic extraction technology of oligostilbene and monoterpene glycosides from the seed coat of Paeonia rockii(S. G. Haw. et. Laeuner)T. Hanget. T. J. Li.METHODS Take paeoniflorin and resveratrol measured by HPLC as indicators, using comprehensive scoring method, on the basis of 6 single factor experiments of extraction power, liquid-to-material ratio, extraction temperature, extraction time, ethanol concentration and extraction times, select significant factors by the Plackett-Burman test, and then optimize the ultrasonic extraction process of oligostilbene and monoterpene glycosides from the seed coat of Paeonia rockii(S. G. Haw. et. Laeuner)T. Hanget. T. J. Li by the Box-Behnken response surface method.RESULTS The optimized ultrasonic extraction process was as follows: ethanol concentration 75%,liquid-to-material ratio 30 mL·g^-1, ultrasonic power 210 W, temperature 50.0 ℃, extraction 50 min, extraction 2 times. Under this optimal process, the contents of paeoniflorin and resveratrol were 5472.43 and 1633.11 μg·g^-1, and the measured values were basically in agreement with the predicted values.CONCLUSION The optimized ultrasonic extraction process of oligostilbene and monoterpene glycosides from the seed coats of Paeonia rockii(S. G. Haw. et. Laeuner)T. Hanget. T. J. Li is reasonable, it can provide reference for its follow-up application research which can provide a reference for its subsequent application research.