Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between SLCO1B3 gene polymorphisms and early postoperative tacrolimus concentrations in renal transplant recipients. METHODS A total of 68 patients who underwent kidney transplantation in the First Hospital of Kunming were selected, tacrolimus plasma concentrations were monitored by chemoluminescence, CYP3A5^*3, SLCO1B3 T334G and G699A gene polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction, and genotyping was performed to analyze the correlation between each genotype and tacrolimus plasma concentrations. RESULTS Different genotypes of CYP3A5^*3 had significant effects on postoperative tacrolimus plasma concentration and standardized plasma concentration(P＜0.05), and different genotypes of SLCO1B3 T334G and G699A gene loci had no significant effect on postoperative tacrolimus plasma concentration and standardized plasma concentration. CONCLUSION Compared with CYP3A5^*3/^*3 genotype, CYP3A5^*1 allele carriers need to reach the same tacrolimus concentration to increase tacrolimus dose. SLCO1B3 T334G and G699A gene polymorphisms has no effect on tacrolimus plasma concentration in the early stage after renal transplantation.