Abstract: As a kind of nervous system disease characterized by neuronal degeneration and death, neurodegenerative diseases pose a serious threat to human health. Due to its complex pathogenesis and poor therapeutic effect, neurodegenerative diseases have long attracted much attention. Modern studies have found that Astragali Radix has pharmacological effects such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection, immune regulation, antioxidant and anti-aging, and its neuroprotective effect has been fully proved by a variety of scientific studies. This paper reviews the main pharmacological effects and mechanisms of commonly used Astragali Radix compounds and preparations and active ingredients of astragalus in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In order to provide reference for the clinical application and basic research of Astragali Radix in neurodegenerative diseases.