Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the main chemical constituents and the potential molecular mechanism of Shengxuening tablets in treating renal anemia.METHODS The chemical constituents of Shengxuening tablets were identified according to the mass spectrometric fragment cleavage pattern. Swisstargetprediction website was used to screen the corresponding action targets of active components of Shengxuening tablets, and GeneCards database was used to screen related targets of renal anemia, getting intersection targets. String database was used to identify protein-protein interaction network. Genome ontology function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the target of Shengxuening tablets on renal anemia were performed through Metascape website. The above results were verified by molecular docking. RESULTS Twenty-four chemical constituents of Shengxuening tablets extract were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology, among which nine were active components, corresponding to 363 targets. A total of 2 722 disease targets related to renal anemia were retrieved, including 166 disease-drug intersection targets, 186 pathways related to renal anemia, which were mainly related to cancer, anti-fibrosis, inflammation, oxygen response. Molecular docking results showed that siderol, pyrophaeophorbide a, dimethylprotoporphyrin IX dimethyl ester, 31,32-dihydro-phaeophorbid-a could bind well with SRC, HSP90AA1, PIK3CA. CONCLUSION Shengxuening tablets may improve renal anemia by supplementing iron, improving inflammatory status and anti-fibrosis.