Abstract: OBJECTIVE To establish a discriminant analysis of a mathematical model for distinguishing genuine and fake Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum based on the digitization of powder color. METHODS The 39 samples of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum sold in the market were collected, and the L^*,a^*, b^*, E^*ab values of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum powder were measured by using a color difference meter, and the authenticity of the Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum sold in the market was identified by using microscopic and thin layer methods, and a discriminant analysis model for the authenticity of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum was established through statistical analysis. RESULTS A mathematical model for distinguishing true and false color difference of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum was established by measuring the color difference value of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum powder in the market. The results of distinguishing authenticity and falsehood were consistent with those of ordinary discrimination. CONCLUSION The method of rapid identification of true and false Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum by color difference value is effective, which can provide reference and basis for color difference identification and analysis of Chinese herbal medicines.