Abstract: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy, safety and economy of semaglutide in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus by rapid health technology assessment. METHODS Systematic retrieval of Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang datebases and health technology assessment related websites. Two reviewers independently selected articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, evaluated article quality and performed analysis. RESULTS A total of 12 systematic/meta-analyses and 13 economic evaluations were included. The results showed that semaglutide could significantly decease the level of HbA1c, FPG, SBP and reduce weight in terms of effectiveness. In terms of safety, semaglutide increased the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse, but not increased the incidence of hypoglycemia and acute pancreatitis. In terms of economy, semaglutide could prolong quality-adjusted life years(QALYs) and had a good cost-effectiveness. Meanwile, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of semaglutide belowed the willingness-to-pay threshold. CONCLUSION Semaglutide has good efficacy, safety and economic in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.