Abstract: Tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) is an alkaloid monomer extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Chuanxiong Rhizoma. It has a wide range of pharmacological activities, especially in the treatment of hypertension, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases. However, due to the poor volatility and bioavailability of TMP, fast metabolism and short half-life, to a certain extent, it has limited its widely clinical application. The application of nano drug delivery system can solve this problem. This article mainly reviewed the pharmacological effects of TMP in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the research progress of the application of nanometer drug delivery system in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, in order to provide a reference for the further development and research of TMP.