Abstract: OBJECTIVE To determine the content of 37 kinds of inorganic element in Viola yedoensis Makino, and to establish the multi-element inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) method to preliminary explore the pollution of heavy inorganic element in Viola yedoensis Makino. METHODS With HNO₃ and H₂O₂ as digestion solvent, the samples were pretreated by microwave digestion method, and the contents of 37 kinds of inorganic element were determined simultaneously by ICP-MS method. RESULTS In the range of 0.5-500 ng·mL^-1, 37 inorganic element showed good linear relationship(r ≥ 0.99). At three supplemental levels of 0.1, 1 and 10 μg, the average recoveries of most elements ranged from 85.1% to 120.6%, the RSDs(n=6) were <6%, and the RSDs of instrument precision and reproducibility were <3%; the detection rates of 5 kinds of harmful heavy inorganic element(Cu, Pb, As, Hg, Cd) that needed to be controlled in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 Edition) of 19 batches of Viola yedoensis Makino were as followed:the detection rates of Cu and Pb were 100%, As and Hg were 89.5% and 10.5%, respectively, and Cd was not detected in all the samples. The detection rates of molybdenum and strontium in 19 batches of samples were 100%, and there content were much higher than other elements. The highest content of molybdenum was 24.8 mg·kg^-1. The content of strontium could be as high as 67.6 mg·kg^-1. CONCLUSION The method has the advantages of simplicity, rapidness and accuracy. It can be used for the determination of 37 kinds of inorganic element in Viola yedoensis Makino.