Abstract: Children are not small adults. There is a lack of drug dosage forms and specifications suitable for the pediatric population at home and abroad, which makes it unavoidable to use divided-dose at the present. Temporary preparation of oral preparations is a type of divided dose which has a great advantage over other approaches and could be used by all the pediatric population. This paper summarizes the current status on drug manipulation for pediatrics, and introduced the features and potential risks of oral extemporaneous compounding, the regularities, practices and experiences of oral extemporaneous compounding overseas were also presented, which may be useful for obtaining legal authority permission and establishing corresponding technical standards and management models of extemporaneous compounding in China.