Abstract: Oxcarbazepine is one of the highest priority drugs for partial seizures and general tonic-clonic seizures, it is a 10-ketone derivative of carbamazepine, which is well tolerated and has few adverse reactions. However, clinical studies have shown that oxcarbazepine presents significant differences between different individuals in the same group and different groups, and genetic factors play an important role. This paper collects literature reports on oxcarbazepine metabolic enzymes, transporters, drug-effective target proteins and adverse reactions related to gene polymorphisms at home and abroad in recent years. In addition, this paper further clarified the influence of gene polymorphisms on oxcarbazepine plasma concentration, efficacy and adverse reactions to provide a reference for clinical individualized treatment.