Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of rituximab and cyclophosphamide on renal function, blood lipids and coagulation function in the treatment of children with hormone-dependent or drug-resistant nephrotic syndrome. METHODS A total of 68 children with primary nephrotic syndrome(48 cases of hormone-dependent and 20 cases of hormone-resistant) who were diagnosed and treated from January 2017 to February 2020 were selected as the research objects, and were divided into the control group according to the random number table method(glucocorticoid combined with cyclophosphamide) and observation group(glucocorticoid combined with rituximab), 34 cases in each group. And to evaluate the fibrinogen(Fib), D dimer, total cholesterol(TC), triacylglycerol(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), urine protein quantification, urinary nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(Scr), β2 microglobulin(β2-MC), recurrence rate, and adverse reactions in two groups. RESULTS Before treatment, the two groups of Fib, D dimer, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, urine protein quantification, BUN, Scr, β2-MC were compared, and there was no statistical difference. After 1 and 3 months of treatment, Fib, D dimer, TC, TG, LDL-C, urine protein quantification, BUN, Scr, and β2-MC in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, HDL-C was higher than the control group(P<0.05). There was only 1 case of recurrence in the observation group, and its incidence was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). There were only 2 cases of fever in the observation group, and the total incidence was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Rituximab is effective in the treatment of hormone-dependent and drug-resistant nephrotic syndrome, which can not only improve renal function, but also reduce blood lipid level.