Abstract: OBJECTIVE To find the quality marker(Q-marker) of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum. METHODS Preliminary screening of potential Q-markers in Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum through network pharmacology, and establishing fingerprints of 13 batches of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum by HPLC. Principal component analysis(PCA) was used for natural clustering of 13 batches of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum materials. On this basis, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) was used to screen the different components of different types of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum materials to verify and speculate Q-marker of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum. RESULTS Four active ingredients in Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum were predicted as potential Q-markers through network pharmacology. Then ten common peaks were calibrated with HPLC fingerprint. The agarotetrol peak, 6,7-dimethoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone peak and 2-(2-phenethyl)chromone peak were confirmed. The analysis results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that the differential component of different batches of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum was agarotetrol. Meanwhile, combined with the results of network pharmacological analysis, it was confirmed that agarotetrol was also the main active component of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum to exert its efficacy and could be used as a potential Q-marker of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum. CONCLUSION Agarotetrol can be used as a potential Q-marker of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum.