Abstract: Radiation enteritis is one of the most serious and frequent complications of the bowel caused by radiation therapy of abdominopelvic or retroperitoneal tumors. The involved intestinal lesions are extensive, and the pathological manifestations are complex, which seriously affects the quality of life for cancer patients after radiotherapy. However, there are fewer and less effective clinical drug treatments and the related basic research, and new drug development are unclear. This paper reviewed the relevant literatures of the past 20 years, summarized and analyzed the pathological mechanism, treatment strategies and drug research progress of radiation enteritis, in order to provide ideas and directions for the research of prevention and treatment strategies and drugs of radiation enteritis.