Abstract: OBJECTIVE To provide references for strengthening drug sampling and testing to promote the construction of "Healthy China" by discussing the role of drug sampling and testing in China in the construction of "Healthy China". METHODS Analyzed the requirements of the construction of "Healthy China" on drug quality and the effect of drug sampling and testing on the improvement of drug quality and the construction of "Healthy China", and put forward suggestions for drug sampling and testing to better contribute to the construction of "Healthy China". RESULTS The construction of"Healthy China" required high-quality drugs, but drug quality risks were objective, and drug supervision needed to be constantly focused. Drug sampling and testing in China covered the production, circulation, and use of drugs and high-risk varieties. It was problem-oriented to prevent and control drug quality risks and severely punish illegal behaviors, so that the overall quality of Chinese drugs was at a high level, and it could be contribute to the construction of "Healthy China" by reducing counterfeit and inferior drugs, improving the quality of drugs and warning of drug risks. CONCLUSION The drug sampling and testing in China has great significance to the construction of "Healthy China". In the next step, the "four strictest" requirements should be implemented, the selection targeting of sampling and testing varieties should be improved, and the production and sale behaviors of counterfeit and inferior drugs should be jointly punished and the punishment should be strengthened, so as to better control the quality of drugs for the construction of "Healthy China".