Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of medication knowledge, attitude and behavior (knowledge-attitudes-practices, KAP) of children's guardians guardians in Henan, analyze the potential risks and main influencing factors in the process of family medication for children, and to provide suggestions for setting the contents and methods of safe drug popularization intervention for children's guardians in Henan. METHODS The basic information of children's guardians in Henan and the medication use of KAP were investigated by using the online survey method of "Questionnaire Star". The status quo and risk points of drug use of KAP were analyzed, and the influencing factors were discussed by one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression. RESULTS A total of 579 valid questionnaires were collected and 575 were included in the analysis. The average scores of medication knowledge, attitude and behavior of children guardians were (64.97±26.35), (36.18±13.51), (59.20±12.23) points, the overall score of medication knowledge and behavior was "good", and the medication attitude score was "pass". The results of multiple linear regression showed that the education level was the main factor affecting the knowledge of medication of the guardians of children; the main factors affecting medication attitudes were residence; the behavior of drug use was mainly affected by gender, education level and different occupation. And there is a obvious correlation between knowledge, attitude, and behavior. CONCLUSION The guardians of children in Henan have a high degree of understanding of safe medication knowledge and a good attitude towards obtaining it. However, there are still certain potential safety risks in actual medication behaviors. Special populations(such as male, rural residents and low degree) still need to further strengthen medical education, and according to the characteristics of the different professional people to carry out rational form of education.