Abstract: Rivaroxaban is a direct inhibitor of factor Xa for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism. The incidence of cancer-related thrombosis(CAT) is relatively high. Due to the high risk of recurrence of CAT, tumor patients usually need to extend the anticoagulation course, while increasing the risk of bleeding. Low molecular weight heparin, as the main drug for CAT prevention and treatment, has poor compliance in patients with long term application, and rivaroxaban has gradually become a very competitive choice for anticoagulation control in patients with CAT. From the perspective of clinical studies, the effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban in the treatment of CAT is affirmative, patients also benefit from long-term prevention. However, the risk of bleeding is higher in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors with CAT, and the widespread clinical use needs further verification by relevant studies. This article reviewed the disease characteristics of CAT and the clinical research of rivaroxaban in the prevention and treatment of CAT.