Abstract: The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra region is the main pathological feature of Parkinson's disease. Many risk factors such as aging, environment toxicants and family genetics, is involed in the progress of Parkinson's disease. Emerging studies have shown that damage or dysfunction of mitochondrial is an essential pathological event that dopaminergic neurons respond to a variety of pathogenic factors and cause the degradation or death of neurons. Therefore, analyze molecular mechanism of PD that related to mitochondrial damage is helpful to find new drug targets and broaden the pathway of new drug research and development. Moreover, the intervention of molecular mechanisms related to mitochondrial damage can effectively delay the occurrence and development of PD, which is an important way to improve the clinical treatment effect and improve the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. This review will focus on the novel molecular mechanism of PD related to mitochondrial damage, and discuss the potential drug targets and candidate drugs derived from this mechanism, in order to provide new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of PD and the development of new drugs.