Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the influence factors of doctors' prescribing behavior of specialized antibacterial drugs, to provide scientific basis for regulating doctors' prescription behavior of specialized antibacterial drugs, and to promote the rational use of antibiotics. METHODS Based on the PRECEDE which was the core theory of PRECEDE-PROCEED model, the influence factors of prescribing behaviors were divided into predisposing factors, enabling factors and reinforcing factors. The 154 doctors with antimicrobial prescription authority from a 3A hospital were recruited to participate in the self-designed questionnaire survey. RESULTS There were 153 questionnaires recovered, the recovery rate was 99.35%, the number of effective questionnaires was 147, and the effective rate was 95.45%. Among the three influencing factors, the average score of reinforcing factors was the highest, with the highest score of 4.21 and the lowest score of 2.93. The average score of predisposing factors was 3.84, with the highest score of 4.10 and the lowest score of 3.39. The average score of enabling factors was 3.40, with the highest score of 4.22 and the lowest score of 2.80. CONCLUSION In order to normalize doctors' prescription behavior, and promote the rational use of specialized antibacterial drugs, the positive influence of the reinforcing factors and predisposing factors should be further developed, while the enabling factors should be improved.