Abstract: OBJECTIVE To construct a quality grade evaluation method of plantain seed based on 48 batches of Plantaginis Semen collected from the market. METHODS Determination method of the contents of geniposidic acid, acteoside and isoacteoside in Plantaginis Semen was established and 48 batches herbs were determined. At the same time, 1000-grain weight, length, width, swelling degree, water content, total ash content and acid insoluble ash content of 48 batches of Plantaginis Semen herbs were tested. The principal component analysis, partial least square analysis, correlation analysis, variance analysis and other mathematical statistical methods were used to select the classification index for the study of Plantaginis Semen classification. RESULTS The 1000-grain weight, swelling degree, geniposidic acid content, total contents of acteoside and isoacteoside were the key indicators of the quality evaluation of Plantaginis Semen, moreover, external index (1000-grain weight, swelling degree) and inner quality(geniposidic acid content, total contents of acteoside and isoacteoside) at the 0.01 level showed significant positive correlation, in combination with the practical situation of the market, the Plantaginis Semen quality grade standard of first class, second class and uniform goods were developed. CONCLUSION This quality grade not only evaluates Plantaginis Semen in terms of appearance characteristics, but also characterizes its internal quality difference, which satisfies the judgment rule of "plump seed is the best" and provides basis for the establishment of industry standard or national standard.